Convert Calories per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin
Instantly convert Calories per Gram-Celsius (cal/(g·°C)) to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin (kJ/(kg·K)) with our free online calculator.
Formula: cal/(g·°C) to kJ/(kg·K) — multiply by 4.184
Reference Table
| Calories per Gram-Celsius (cal/(g·°C)) | Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin (kJ/(kg·K)) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 4.184 |
| 5 | 20.92 |
| 10 | 41.84 |
| 25 | 104.6 |
| 50 | 209.2 |
| 100 | 418.4 |
How to Convert Calories per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin
Formula
To convert Calories per Gram-Celsius (cal/(g·°C)) to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin (kJ/(kg·K)): multiply by 4.184
Step-by-Step
- Start with your value in Calories per Gram-Celsius (cal/(g·°C)).
- Multiply by 4.184 to perform the conversion.
- The result is your value expressed in Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin (kJ/(kg·K)).
Conversion Factor
1 cal/(g·°C) = 4.184 kJ/(kg·K)
Reverse Factor
1 kJ/(kg·K) = 0.239006 cal/(g·°C)
Worked Example
Convert 25 Calories per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin: 25 cal/(g·°C) = 104.6 kJ/(kg·K)
About Calorie per Gram-Celsius (cal/(g·°C))
A CGS specific-entropy unit numerically identical to kcal/(kg·°C) and equal to 4,184 J/(kg·K) (using the thermochemical calorie). cal/(g·°C) appears in older chemistry literature for solution-calorimetry data (heats of dissolution, mixing, dilution), biological thermodynamics where the energy-scale is naturally small (protein unfolding ΔS ≈ 0.5 cal/(g·°C); ligand-receptor binding entropy in isothermal titration calorimetry; lipid-bilayer phase transitions), legacy food-science publications (specific heats of water = 1.000 cal/(g·°C) by historical definition), and pharmaceutical-formulation papers measuring excipient thermal properties via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The unit's persistence is due to the historical definition of the calorie as exactly the heat required to raise 1 g of water by 1 °C between 14.5°C and 15.5°C (giving water's specific heat the convenient value of 1.000 in this unit system). Mostly superseded by SI J/(kg·K) or kJ/(kg·K) in modern publications, but cal/(g·°C) still appears in NIST WebBook cross-references, in older Russian and German thermochemistry compilations (Landolt-Börnstein), and in TA Instruments and PerkinElmer DSC software output options.
About Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin (kJ/(kg·K))
A metric specific-entropy unit equal to exactly 1,000 J/(kg·K). kJ/(kg·K) is the dominant working unit in international engineering steam tables per IAPWS-IF97, refrigerant property tables (Lemmon-Span-Wagner Helmholtz EoS for R-134a, R-410A, R-1234yf, R-744 CO₂, ammonia R-717), and gas-turbine working-fluid property charts per VDI 4670. Standard saturated water entropy at 100°C: s_f = 1.3069 kJ/(kg·K); saturated steam at same point: s_g = 7.3549 kJ/(kg·K); the entropy of vaporization s_fg = 6.0480 kJ/(kg·K) — a direct measure of phase-change reversible heat per unit mass at that temperature (s_fg · T = h_fg at saturation). T-s diagrams (temperature-entropy thermodynamic cycle plots used for Rankine, Brayton, refrigeration, organic Rankine ORC cycles) universally use kJ/(kg·K) on the horizontal axis. Mollier h-s diagrams for steam likewise use kJ/(kg·K). The unit is dominant in Cycle-Tempo, EBSILON, GateCycle, Thermoflex, IPSEpro power-plant simulators.
Quick Facts
- 1 Calorie per Gram-Celsius equals 4.184 Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin
- 1 Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin equals 0.239006 Calories per Gram-Celsius
- Calorie per Gram-Celsius is a unit of specific entropy
- Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin is a unit of specific entropy
- This conversion is commonly used in turbine design, refrigeration analysis, and power plant engineering
- The Calorie per Gram-Celsius belongs to the metric system
Common Calorie per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin Conversions
| Calories per Gram-Celsius (cal/(g·°C)) | Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin (kJ/(kg·K)) |
|---|---|
| 0.01 | 0.04184 |
| 0.1 | 0.4184 |
| 0.25 | 1.046 |
| 0.5 | 2.092 |
| 1 | 4.184 |
| 2 | 8.368 |
| 3 | 12.552 |
| 5 | 20.92 |
| 10 | 41.84 |
| 15 | 62.76 |
| 20 | 83.68 |
| 25 | 104.6 |
| 50 | 209.2 |
| 75 | 313.8 |
| 100 | 418.4 |
| 250 | 1046 |
| 500 | 2092 |
| 1000 | 4184 |
| 5000 | 20920 |
| 10000 | 41840 |
Understanding Calories per Gram-Celsius
The Calorie per Gram-Celsius (symbol: cal/(g·°C)) is a unit of specific entropy. A CGS specific-entropy unit numerically identical to kcal/(kg·°C) and equal to 4,184 J/(kg·K) (using the thermochemical calorie). cal/(g·°C) appears in older chemistry literature for solution-calorimetry data (heats of dissolution, mixing, dilution), biological thermodynamics where the energy-scale is naturally small (protein unfolding ΔS ≈ 0.5 cal/(g·°C); ligand-receptor binding entropy in isothermal titration calorimetry; lipid-bilayer phase transitions), legacy food-science publications (specific heats of water = 1.000 cal/(g·°C) by historical definition), and pharmaceutical-formulation papers measuring excipient thermal properties via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The unit's persistence is due to the historical definition of the calorie as exactly the heat required to raise 1 g of water by 1 °C between 14.5°C and 15.5°C (giving water's specific heat the convenient value of 1.000 in this unit system). Mostly superseded by SI J/(kg·K) or kJ/(kg·K) in modern publications, but cal/(g·°C) still appears in NIST WebBook cross-references, in older Russian and German thermochemistry compilations (Landolt-Börnstein), and in TA Instruments and PerkinElmer DSC software output options.
It belongs to the metric measurement system.
Calories per Gram-Celsius are commonly used in turbine design, refrigeration analysis, and power plant engineering.
Understanding Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin
The Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin (symbol: kJ/(kg·K)) is a unit of specific entropy. A metric specific-entropy unit equal to exactly 1,000 J/(kg·K). kJ/(kg·K) is the dominant working unit in international engineering steam tables per IAPWS-IF97, refrigerant property tables (Lemmon-Span-Wagner Helmholtz EoS for R-134a, R-410A, R-1234yf, R-744 CO₂, ammonia R-717), and gas-turbine working-fluid property charts per VDI 4670. Standard saturated water entropy at 100°C: s_f = 1.3069 kJ/(kg·K); saturated steam at same point: s_g = 7.3549 kJ/(kg·K); the entropy of vaporization s_fg = 6.0480 kJ/(kg·K) — a direct measure of phase-change reversible heat per unit mass at that temperature (s_fg · T = h_fg at saturation). T-s diagrams (temperature-entropy thermodynamic cycle plots used for Rankine, Brayton, refrigeration, organic Rankine ORC cycles) universally use kJ/(kg·K) on the horizontal axis. Mollier h-s diagrams for steam likewise use kJ/(kg·K). The unit is dominant in Cycle-Tempo, EBSILON, GateCycle, Thermoflex, IPSEpro power-plant simulators.
It belongs to the metric measurement system.
Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin are commonly used in turbine design, refrigeration analysis, and power plant engineering.
Why Convert Calories per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin?
Converting between Calories per Gram-Celsius and Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin is a frequent requirement for engineers, scientists, and students working with specific entropy values. Different industries and regions favour different unit systems, so having a dependable conversion tool saves time and prevents errors in technical calculations. Whether you are verifying a specification sheet, cross-checking simulation results, or preparing a report for an international audience, accurate specific entropy conversion is essential.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I convert Calories per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin?
A CGS specific-entropy unit numerically identical to kcal/(kg·°C) and equal to 4,184 J/(kg·K) (using the thermochemical calorie). To convert Calories per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin, multiply by 4.184. For example, 25 cal/(g·°C) equals 104.6 kJ/(kg·K).
How many Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin are in 1 Calorie per Gram-Celsius?
There are 4.184 Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin in 1 Calorie per Gram-Celsius.
How many Calories per Gram-Celsius are in 1 Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin?
There are 0.239006 Calories per Gram-Celsius in 1 Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin.
What is the formula for Calorie per Gram-Celsius to Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin conversion?
The formula is: multiply by 4.184. This means 1 cal/(g·°C) = 4.184 kJ/(kg·K).
Is a Calorie per Gram-Celsius bigger than a Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin?
No. One Calorie per Gram-Celsius is smaller than one Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin because 1 cal/(g·°C) equals 4.184 kJ/(kg·K), which is greater than 1.
When do you need to convert between Calories per Gram-Celsius and Kilojoules per Kilogram-Kelvin?
A metric specific-entropy unit equal to exactly 1,000 J/(kg·K). Calorie per Gram-Celsius and Kilojoule per Kilogram-Kelvin are both specific entropy units, so conversion comes up whenever one source of information uses one unit and another uses the other — a classic cross-reference challenge in engineering, trade, travel, and everyday life.