Engineering Unit Conversion Factors
Searchable reference of 60+ unit conversion factors across length, mass, force, pressure, energy, power, temperature, volume, flow rate, and torque. Click to copy.
This free online engineering unit conversion factors provides instant results with no signup required. All calculations run directly in your browser — your data is never sent to a server. Supports both metric (SI) and imperial units with built-in unit selection dropdowns on every input field, so you can work in whatever units your problem provides. Designed for engineering students and professionals working through coursework, design projects, or quick reference calculations.
Engineering Unit Conversion Factors
Click any factor to copy it to the clipboard. Exact conversions are marked with ★.
61 conversions shown
| Category | From | To | Factor / Formula (click to copy) | Exact |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Length | 1 inch (in) | millimeters (mm) | ★ | |
| Length | 1 foot (ft) | meters (m) | ★ | |
| Length | 1 yard (yd) | meters (m) | ★ | |
| Length | 1 mile (mi) | kilometers (km) | ★ | |
| Length | 1 meter (m) | inches (in) | ||
| Length | 1 kilometer (km) | miles (mi) | ||
| Length | 1 nautical mile | meters (m) | ★ | |
| Length | 1 Angstrom (Å) | meters (m) | ★ | |
| Mass | 1 pound-mass (lbm) | kilograms (kg) | ||
| Mass | 1 kilogram (kg) | pounds (lb) | ||
| Mass | 1 slug | kilograms (kg) | ||
| Mass | 1 short ton (US) | kilograms (kg) | ||
| Mass | 1 metric ton (tonne) | kilograms (kg) | ★ | |
| Mass | 1 ounce (oz) | grams (g) | ||
| Mass | 1 troy ounce | grams (g) | ||
| Force | 1 pound-force (lbf) | newtons (N) | ||
| Force | 1 kilogram-force (kgf) | newtons (N) | ★ | |
| Force | 1 newton (N) | pound-force (lbf) | ||
| Force | 1 kip (kip) | kilonewtons (kN) | ||
| Force | 1 dyne | newtons (N) | ★ | |
| Pressure | 1 psi (lbf/in²) | kilopascals (kPa) | ||
| Pressure | 1 atmosphere (atm) | kilopascals (kPa) | ★ | |
| Pressure | 1 bar | kilopascals (kPa) | ★ | |
| Pressure | 1 mmHg (torr) | pascals (Pa) | ||
| Pressure | 1 kPa | psi (lbf/in²) | ||
| Pressure | 1 MPa | psi (lbf/in²) | ||
| Pressure | 1 inHg | kilopascals (kPa) | ||
| Energy | 1 BTU | joules (J) | ||
| Energy | 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) | megajoules (MJ) | ★ | |
| Energy | 1 calorie (cal) | joules (J) | ||
| Energy | 1 kcal (food Cal) | joules (J) | ||
| Energy | 1 ft·lbf | joules (J) | ||
| Energy | 1 therm | megajoules (MJ) | ||
| Energy | 1 eV | joules (J) | ||
| Power | 1 horsepower (hp, mech) | watts (W) | ||
| Power | 1 BTU/hr | watts (W) | ||
| Power | 1 kilowatt (kW) | horsepower (hp) | ||
| Power | 1 metric hp (PS) | watts (W) | ||
| Power | 1 ton of refrigeration | kilowatts (kW) | ||
| Temperature | T(°C) | T(K) | ★ | |
| Temperature | T(°F) | T(°C) | ★ | |
| Temperature | T(°F) | T(K) | ★ | |
| Temperature | T(°R) | T(K) | ★ | |
| Volume | 1 US gallon (gal) | liters (L) | ||
| Volume | 1 liter (L) | cubic feet (ft³) | ||
| Volume | 1 cubic foot (ft³) | liters (L) | ||
| Volume | 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) | milliliters (mL) | ||
| Volume | 1 barrel (oil, bbl) | liters (L) | ||
| Volume | 1 cubic inch (in³) | cubic cm (cc) | ||
| Flow Rate | 1 gal/min (GPM) | liters/s (L/s) | ||
| Flow Rate | 1 m³/s | GPM | ||
| Flow Rate | 1 ft³/s (cfs) | m³/s | ||
| Flow Rate | 1 ft³/min (CFM) | L/s | ||
| Flow Rate | 1 L/min | GPM | ||
| Torque | 1 ft·lbf | N·m | ||
| Torque | 1 in·lbf | N·m | ||
| Torque | 1 N·m | ft·lbf | ||
| Angle | 1 degree (°) | radians (rad) | ||
| Angle | 1 radian (rad) | degrees (°) | ||
| Angle | 1 revolution (rev) | radians (rad) | ||
| Angle | 1 RPM | rad/s |
How to Use This Calculator
Enter your input values
Fill in all required input fields for the Engineering Unit Conversion Factors. Most fields include unit selectors so you can work in your preferred unit system — metric or imperial, whichever matches your problem.
Review your inputs
Double-check that all values are correct and that you have selected the right units for each field. Incorrect units are the most common source of calculation errors and can produce results that are off by factors of 2, 10, or more.
Read the results
The Engineering Unit Conversion Factors instantly computes the output and displays results with units clearly labeled. All calculations happen in your browser — no loading time and no data sent to a server.
Explore parameter sensitivity
Try adjusting individual input values to see how the output changes. This is a quick and effective way to develop intuition about how different parameters influence the result and to identify which inputs have the largest effect.
Formula Reference
Engineering Unit Conversion Factors Formula
See calculator inputs for the governing equation
Variables: All variables and their units are labeled in the calculator interface above. Input fields accept values in multiple unit systems — select your preferred unit from the dropdown next to each field.
When to Use This Calculator
- •Use the Engineering Unit Conversion Factors when solving homework or exam problems that require quick numerical verification of your hand calculations — instant feedback helps identify arithmetic errors before they propagate.
- •Use it during the early design phase to rapidly iterate on parameters and narrow down feasible configurations before committing time to detailed finite element simulations or full design packages.
- •Use it when reviewing a colleague's calculation or checking a vendor's data sheet for plausibility — a quick sanity check can prevent costly downstream errors.
- •Use it to generate reference data for a technical report or presentation without manual computation, ensuring consistent, reproducible numbers throughout the document.
- •Use it in the field when a quick estimate is needed and a full engineering software package is not available.
About This Calculator
The Engineering Unit Conversion Factors is a precision engineering calculation tool designed for students, engineers, and technical professionals. Searchable reference of 60+ unit conversion factors across length, mass, force, pressure, energy, power, temperature, volume, flow rate, and torque. Click to copy. All calculations are performed using established engineering formulas from the relevant scientific literature and standards. Inputs support both metric (SI) and imperial unit systems, with unit conversion handled automatically — simply select your preferred unit from the dropdown next to each field. Results are computed instantly in the browser without sending data to a server, ensuring both speed and privacy. This calculator is intended as a supplementary tool for learning and design exploration; always verify results against authoritative references for safety-critical applications.
The Theory Behind It
Conversion constants reference tables list the exact or highly-accurate numerical factors for converting between common units of measurement across engineering disciplines. Examples include length (1 meter = 3.28084 feet = 39.3701 inches), mass (1 kg = 2.20462 pounds = 35.274 ounces), force (1 newton = 0.224809 pound-force), pressure (1 Pa = 0.000145038 psi = 10⁻⁵ bar), energy (1 joule = 0.238846 calorie = 0.737562 foot-pound), power (1 watt = 0.00134102 horsepower = 3.41214 BTU/hr), temperature (K = °C + 273.15, °F = 1.8 × °C + 32). Fundamental physical constants are also tabulated: speed of light c = 299,792,458 m/s, Planck's constant h = 6.62607015 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s, elementary charge e = 1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹ C, Avogadro's number N_A = 6.02214076 × 10²³ /mol, Boltzmann constant k_B = 1.380649 × 10⁻²³ J/K, gas constant R = 8.314462618 J/(mol·K), gravitational acceleration g = 9.80665 m/s² (standard value). These constants are used constantly in engineering calculations, unit conversions, and problem solving.
Real-World Applications
- •Unit conversion: convert values between SI and imperial or customary systems for multinational engineering projects and standards compliance.
- •Physical chemistry and physics calculations: use fundamental constants in equations like PV = nRT, E = hν, or F = ma where unit consistency matters.
- •Homework and exam problems: students rely on conversion factors and fundamental constants as standard reference data for all engineering and science courses.
- •Design calculations: engineers working in the US customary system must convert to SI for international standards or research literature comparisons.
- •Report preparation: technical reports often include both SI and imperial values for accessibility across different audiences.
Frequently Asked Questions
What's the difference between exact and approximate conversion factors?
Some factors are exactly defined: 1 inch = 25.4 mm (exactly), 1 foot = 0.3048 m (exactly by definition since 1959). Others are measured constants: speed of light = 299,792,458 m/s (exact by current SI definition). Others are calculated to high precision but approximate: 1 pound-mass = 0.45359237 kg (exact by international agreement). Most common conversions are either exact or accurate to 5-6+ significant figures.
What's the value of the gas constant?
R = 8.314462618 J/(mol·K) by current SI definition (since 2019 redefinition). Other forms: 0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K), 1.9872 cal/(mol·K), 1545.35 ft·lb/(lbmol·°R). Each form is used in different engineering contexts; always check units when using R in a formula.
What is standard gravity?
g = 9.80665 m/s² exactly, by international definition. This is used as a reference for pound-force definition (1 lb_f = 1 lb_m × g), for specific impulse calculations in rockets, and as a weighted average for everyday calculations at Earth's surface. Actual local gravity varies slightly (±0.5%) due to latitude, elevation, and Earth's rotation.
What's the conversion from psi to Pa?
1 psi = 6894.757 Pa exactly (by definition: 1 psi = 1 lb_f / in² = 4.4482216 N / (0.0254 m)² = 6894.757 Pa). Common simplification: 1 psi ≈ 6895 Pa or 1 bar ≈ 14.5 psi. For engineering precision: 1 atm = 101,325 Pa exactly = 14.6959 psi.
How do I convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
°F = 1.8 × °C + 32, or equivalently °F = (9/5) × °C + 32. Reverse: °C = (°F − 32) / 1.8. For absolute: K = °C + 273.15. °R (Rankine) = °F + 459.67. A 100°C (212°F) boiling point corresponds to 373.15 K or 671.67°R. Water's freezing point is 0°C, 32°F, 273.15 K, 491.67°R.
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References & Further Reading
Wikipedia
Standards & Organizations
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