Inch of Mercury (inHg)

A unit of pressure used in aviation and meteorology based on the height of a mercury column

The Inch of Mercury (inHg) is a unit of pressure with a history connected to the study of fluids, gases, and atmospheric phenomena. Evangelista Torricelli's invention of the barometer in 1643 was a landmark in pressure measurement, and subsequent work by Blaise Pascal established the mathematical foundations. The pascal — the SI unit — was named in Pascal's honor when the SI system was formalized. The Inch of Mercury reflects either the SI tradition or the practical conventions of specific industries that standardized their measurements independently.

Accurate pressure measurement is critical in engineering, science, commerce, and everyday life. Using the correct unit and applying conversions precisely prevents errors that can be costly or dangerous in professional applications.

Conversion Table

UnitSymbol1 inHg =
PascalPa3386.39 Pa
KilopascalkPa3.38639 kPa
Barbar0.0338639 bar
Atmosphereatm0.0334211 atm
Pound per Square Inchpsi0.491154 psi
Millimeters of MercurymmHg25.4001 mmHg
MegapascalMPa0.00338639 MPa
GigapascalGPa0.00000338639 GPa
Kilopound per Square Inchksi0.000491154 ksi
Torrtorr25.4001 torr
Kilogram-force per Square Centimeterkgf/cm²0.0345316 kgf/cm²

Conversions Involving Inch of Mercury

Common Uses of the Inch of Mercury

  • Automotive — inflating tires to manufacturer-specified pressures
  • Weather reporting — tracking barometric pressure for forecasting
  • Hydraulic systems — designing and operating fluid power equipment
  • Scuba diving — calculating safe dive depths based on partial pressures
  • Medical — measuring blood pressure and calibrating medical equipment

Did You Know?

The deepest point in the ocean — the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench — has a water pressure of approximately 110 MPa, or about 1,086 times standard atmospheric pressure. The Inch of Mercury is one of several units used to express pressures across this extraordinary range.